"Anna Karenina" who wrote it? "Anna Karenina" (Leo Tolstoy): a summary
Russian literature has been highly valued since ancient times. Masterpieces of writers conquered not one country in the world and became real bestsellers. Based on the motives of many works, excellent films were shot - premieres occupy a leading position in the ranking of the best. Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy is no exception. He is a unique Russian writer, who created many amazing novels. Among them, such as Anna Karenina, War and Peace, Resurrection, and others stand out prominently.
Origin of the bestseller
In one February morning Leo Tolstoy conceivedto write a novel about the relations of the nobles, private life, but he realized his dream three years later. A little later, after finishing the book, he tried to publish it in the "Russian Herald", and the idea was a success - the first volume went to press. Gradually Tolstoy's novel became very popular, readers liked the manner in which Lev Nikolaevich described his characters and their share, sensitivity and depth of work.
Naturally, everyone was looking forward to itcontinuation of the novel "Anna Karenina", as it was known that the work consists of three volumes. By 1878, Leo Tolstoy had completely published his offspring. The last part was not so much liked by readers, as it was a description of the Serbian-Montenegro-Turkish war, to which the officer Vronsky, Anna's lover, was sent.
Tolstoy's novel "Anna Karenina" combinesthe most contradictory feelings and morals of people. The writer himself several times pointed out that with the help of the work he wants to show how today's and the future world is divided into two parts: good and evil, which fight against each other every day and vainly try to destroy the enemy.
The uniqueness of the novel
The work "Anna Karenina" is to my likingmany people. It's about the tragic love of a married woman and a brilliant officer. At the same time, it is impossible not to experience a deep feeling directly towards the family life of the nobility. The story takes place in the second half of the nineteenth century in Moscow and St. Petersburg. But the writer as clearly as possible reflects all the emotions, principles and morals of his novel.
Many adored Anna Karenina, namely because,that most people saw themselves in this woman, they were close to the story of the writer who penetrated into the very depths of the soul. Therefore, Tolstoy wrote modern literature, a book that, in his opinion, could always be popular - for all times and peoples.
Strangely enough, but Lev Nikolaevich foresaw that changes are coming, namely for the nobility. He knew, felt that the present society and customs are beginning to crumble, and people should be prepared for this.
The idea of the novel
All the people surrounding Leo Tolstoy became an ideafor the birth of a completely different novel. The writer's society could be recognized by Anna Oblonskaya-Karenina's entourage. Observing the thoughts of his friends, their feelings and concepts, Tolstoy created his first characters, which in the future were so fond of readers.
Many who are not familiar with the work "AnnaKarenina ", whose author tried to create a real masterpiece for different age groups of people, has repeatedly heard about a unique novel. But for some reason, most people get the impression that this is a book about a woman who committed suicide because of her bright and passionate feelings for her lover, to be with whom her honor and conscience were not allowed.
In fact, it is not at all described in the novel "AnnaKarenina. " The content of the book consists of dozens of interesting chapters, descriptions of past noble life, the struggle between good and evil, the morals and morals of people who lived in the nineteenth century.
Getting to know the characters
A wonderful work "Anna Karenina." Who wrote it, is known to almost every citizen of the CIS countries, but it was not read by everyone. Although many have heard of an unusual novel and know the main characters of the book.
To begin with, the main character - Anna -arrives in Moscow to reconcile his brother Steve, who allegedly was convicted of treason, with his wife. As soon as Karenina got off her train, she finds out that the watchman is dying on the railway tracks. This is considered a terrible omen. After some time, the main character will understand what this sign meant - she will be considered a "criminal woman", and she can not live with it peacefully. Nevertheless, the charming, kind and gentle Anna Karenina (the author first depicts her as an immaculate, honest and ideal woman) goes to her brother's house and tries to reconcile him with Dolly's wife.
Meanwhile, on a visit to Steve comes a young andfascinating Count Alex Vronsky. Do not forget to visit your beloved princess Kitty Shcherbitskaya and Konstantin Levin, who with all his heart wants to marry a sweet girl. But, in his opinion, this is impossible, since he is a simple landowner, and his main rival is the brilliant St. Petersburg representative Vronsky. In fact, Count Alex did not even intend to make Kitty's proposal, since all his thoughts were occupied by a guest who had just arrived from Petersburg.
The work that Leo Tolstoy wrote -"Anna Karenina" - clearly and deeply describes the feelings and emotions experienced by the main character. She is unusually in love with Count Vronsky, but offers him only friendship, as a loving husband and child are waiting for her at home. The main dream of Anna, which could not come true, was to be with the two most loved people on earth - Alexei and son Sergei.
Love Karenina
As already noted, Anna Karenina came fromPetersburg with an already overshadowed mood. On the train she met a nice woman who always told her about her beloved son - Alexey. At that time Karenina did not give it the slightest importance, but a little later she realized that the adored child of the fellow traveler was her unattainable Count Vronsky.
After meeting with her lover, she firmly decidedto go back to Petersburg, because she knew that she was in trouble in Vronsky's lovely and deep eyes, which could absorb the soul of a woman entirely. But young Alexei follows right after her: he yearns for a meeting, not paying attention to extraneous scornful glances, the presence of a husband and a child with a beloved. Noticing the count, which is spinning near Karenina, society begins to suspect their connection. Anna, whose heart is torn inside, could not restrain herself and still gave herself up to love with her sweet, gentle and sensual Alexei. This was soon learned by everyone in the district, including the legitimate husband of the main character.
A little later it became known that Karenina was waitingchild from Vronsky. After learning the news, Alexei asked her to leave her husband and go away with him. At the same time, Vronsky's friendly and kind mother has not been so sensitive to Anna. On the contrary, she is outraged by what is happening, and does not wish her son such a fate. Karenina, a tortured woman, and glad to leave everything and go with the count, but she loves Alexei as much as her son Seryozha. Anna falls into despair, she is tormented by the most contradictory feelings. Karenina does not know what to do ...
During childbirth, the main character became very ill andmiraculously remained alive. Seeing her condition, the legitimate husband shows compassion and pity for his wife, after which he allows her to live in his house. Karenin forgives Anna and her deed and even agrees to leave it all in secret, so as not to disgrace the honest name of their family. Karenina does not withstand the generosity of her husband and runs away with Vronsky to Europe. Soon, two once-loving people understand that they have absolutely nothing to do, and they have nothing in common. It was at this moment that Anna realized what a mistake she had made and how much she betrayed and dishonored her husband. In St. Petersburg, she does not expect anything good, she is now an outcast. Having gained courage, Karenina still comes back.
Problems with Vronsky are becoming more serious, andto live on is so simply impossible. If the Count got away with everything, then in society everyone despises Anna. She does not sleep well, suffers from her son, realizing that she will never see him again.
The fate of Anna Karenina
After a kiss with Vronsky, Karenina's conditionchanged: she became happy, rejuvenated, inspired, but could not go on like this any longer! Attempts to keep a son and divorce her despotic and strict husband did not result in success. Poor Anna, not knowing herself from grief, became completely lifeless. She rushes between two fires: angry and hating her for betrayal by her husband and young, tender and charming Alexei, who promises to give her the whole world. But the mother will never leave her son, so Karenina believed that she could not give up carefree love and go away with Vronsky away from her husband.
But fate turned so that, on the one hand,Anna got what she wanted - love, Vronsky, happiness, and on the other, lost the most important - the son of Sergei. The oppressive atmosphere, the relations that have not been crowned with success, the hatred of society towards her person push the woman to a desperate act - suicide.
Often people do not want to read completely the novel "AnnaKarenina. " Description - a few pages from a huge work, which are briefly and superficially tell about the heroes and events. But in order to experience all the emotions with which Tolstoy wrote, change his outlook and become a little better, it is recommended to read the novel from cover to cover. This is not difficult to do, since it absorbs completely, and time flies by unnoticed.
Evaluation of the novel "Anna Karenina"
Many critics did not like Anna Kareninaand its fate. Some considered it a symbol of dishonor and shame, others did not like the image of Vronsky. There were some who considered the novel to be scandalous, empty and nothing of the kind. Of course, the work of critics is to find inaccuracies, be dissatisfied and write reviews about works. But, fortunately, there were those who believed that the novel that Leo Tolstoy had put into practice, "Anna Karenina" is the best hope of Russian literature. Critics supported the writer and ridiculed the main character. Then they said that such feelings, which were in Anna's soul, should plunge every woman who dared to change her husband, having a child and a family respected in society.
Among the critics who admire the work of Tolstoy,was Nikolay Nekrasov. He saw in the writer a real talent, a man with an inexplicable gift that could change the lives of other people with his works. Nekrasov correctly predicted everything, as few today are wondering who Anna Karenina is, who wrote the novel. All because most of the population read the book or watched brilliant plays, films that influenced the worldview of people and, perhaps, even changed their lives. Lev Tolstoy's novels have always produced an extraordinary effect on their fans. Such creations, which the talented thinker wrote, can not be found anywhere else.
Theatrical productions and screen versions of the novel
Creativity L.Tolstoy was noticed already in 1910. In a few years people could visit the first performances of Anna Karenina. Time passed, and various directors perfected the plays, changed the actors and experimented with the productions. Original performances, dramatic musicals were created by such professionals as R. Viktyuk, O. Sikshin, M. Roshchin and others.
Many readers and viewers were pretty AnnaKarenina, whose quotes were even written down and pronounced at public evenings and meetings. As for the adaptation of the popular novel, the first film about tragic love in Germany in 1910 was made. Then, representatives of such countries as Russia, Hungary, Italy, the United States, Britain, India and others tried to portray the picture. In total, over three dozen films were filmed about Karenin. The last of them was presented by the directors of Great Britain. In the title role was Keira Knightley, who played Anna extraordinarily subtly and sensually. Also today you can find TV shows about Karenina.
It is impossible not to say that there is a place to bestaging the ballet Anna Karenina. In 2010, the premiere took place on the stage of the Mariinsky Theater. Nevertheless, the best performance is the work of Boris Eifman, who received the "Best Performance in Ballet" award in 2005.
In our time, novels LN. Tolstoy is very popular, and various musicals, plays, and films are made on them. But "Anna Karenina" beat all kinds of records and became a real masterpiece in Russian literature and art in general.
Interesting Facts
It is believed that Pushkin's daughter (Maria Alexandrovna Hartung) is the main heroine of the novel - Anna Karenina. LN Tolstoy was inspired by the appearance of the girl and decided to transfer her image to paper.
It is also interesting to know that in 1916 they triedto withdraw the continuation of the heart-rending story about the tragic love called "Anna Karenina's daughter". In addition, the principle of the novel is often used in science, which is based on the aphorism that opens the work: "All happy families are alike, each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. Everything was confused in the Oblonsky house. "
In 2013, a continuation was publisheda novel called Anna Karenina-2. The author was Alexander Zolotko, who told the readers the story of the daughter of the main character, who was called just like her own mother. Some critics have caused a lot of emotion and resentment, because it is completely unknown what happened to the girl who came into being from the connection with Count Vronsky. And Leo Tolstoy did not mention the name of the newborn. However, these are only some opinions of critics, the author himself has the right to change the details of the plot. There are those who believe that the novel "Anna Karenina-2" is worth reading.
Yet the second part of the book is simply incomparable withfirst, as this is a completely different story and another heroine, although with the same name - Anna Karenina. Who wrote it, is known to a few, since the publication of Alexander Zolotko is quite small, and he did not try to create a masterpiece that can outshine the work of Leo Tolstoy.
The role of Tolstoy's novel in the life of each of us
LN Tolstoy's novel was written in the genre of realism. He clearly conveyed the character traits and designs of people of the second half of the nineteenth century. In the character of Levin he saw himself, which he repeatedly mentioned. The hero himself was endowed with the best character traits, which made him an example for imitation. This is what the writer wanted to tell his fans: that no matter what position a person takes in society, he must always remain a man: worthy, honest, fair and kind.
"Anna Karenina" is a novel of all times, whichhas won thousands, millions of hearts around the world. For the first time the writer so accurately conveyed the relationship between people who are familiar to almost every person. It's been 137 years since the publication of the work, but not for one day it was not forgotten by readers. He wants to read and re-read, watch on the screen and on stage, admire the courage of the heroine and sincerely condole with her. Simple language, inimitable style of writing and the depth of character characters are really masterpiece. No wonder the novel belongs to the classics of world literature.
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