Designing of heating and water supply for private houses

The infrastructure of private houses providesthe presence of a number of systems that increase its operational comfort. The list of the main elements of engineering is allocated to devices for heating and water supply. Their functions are familiar to every inhabitant of a modern house - heat and hot water are mandatory resources for the maintenance of human life. Approaches to the organization of technical support of premises can differ, causing nuances of designing of this or that system.

Initial data for design

A variety of equipment that providesprivate houses with water and heat, forces engineers to think at the first stages of the optimal solutions on which the design of a heating or water supply system will be based. In this part, it is necessary to take into account a lot of building parameters, as well as not forgetting the nature of its operation - temporary, permanent, seasonal, etc. The main points of departure in the search for the most rational heating and water supply systems are the technical parameters and capabilities of a particular house:

• Living area (total and each room separately);
• local climatic conditions (it is important to take into account if the heating system of the building is being designed and heat losses are calculated);
• the configuration of the possible branching of heating or water supply circuits in the house;
• power supply and connection to the central highway;
• need for automation of the system.

We can say that this is the primary information, onwhich carries out the design of heating systems for private houses with the selection of the type of equipment and the corresponding fuel. Then follows the choice of devices and the direct design of systems.

heating equipment

To heat private homes today are useddifferent technical means, which differ in the form of the heat source and the scattering element. The traditional ones include boilers, radiators and convectors, as well as pipes with a water coolant. In turn, each of these technical features has structural features, which should take into account the design of the heating system and related components. Fuel resources can be represented by water, gas, solid elements, electricity, etc.

To modern types of heatingThe equipment includes solar panels, warm floors and pellet boilers. Each of these systems is innovative in a certain sense. For example, solar panels operate on free and renewable energy rays, and floor heating has become revolutionary in structural design.

Development of a heating project

Based on the characteristics selected for installationequipment, the calculation of its parameters and the installation technology. The heating project includes circuit layouts (if any), the amount of heat sources, the configuration of the location in the house, the capacity and other indicators.

In modern cottages, system designHeating usually involves the use of boilers. They can work on water coolant, electricity, solid fuel and other sources. The finished project should provide information on the following items:

• general scheme of communication wiring;
• altitude scheme of communication wiring;
• information about the materials used;
• instructions regarding the work to be performed;
• specifications for devices;
• design sketch;
• drawings with parameters and designation of the main units of the heating system;
• designation of connecting sites;
• communication plan.

Equipment for water supply system

Competent design of private house heating systems will allow the implementation of an efficient heating system that will meet the heating needs with minimal costs.

Providing a home with quality water is more difficult,because there is a need for special drainage. In addition, the resource must come in a usable form, and therefore the design of the water heating systems takes into account the means of filtration.

So, the water supply system can consist of the following components:

• source of water intake (well, central highway);
• water intake device;
• pumping station;
• cleaning equipment;
• a reservoir for receiving and discharging purified water;
• water lines;
• distributing elements.

Fundamental importance in the choice of pipes andpump. The modern pipeline, as a rule, is realized from the PVC contours, which allows to prolong the work period and facilitate the installation. Among the pumps, circulation models with a thermostat are preferable. By the way, the design of the heating system often leaves the possibility of using one technical infrastructure for several engineering systems.

Designing of water supply

Comprehensive development of the organization planwater supply allows you to understand the capacity of the equipment, related materials, methods of branching and rational distribution of the wire in the house.

Like the design of house heating systems,the documentation package for water supply communications should describe the characteristics and arrangement of collector points, the parameters of pipeline tracing and risers, calculation materials for drainage and consumption, recommendations for the selection of the pump and axonometric plan for water supply.

If it is supposed to equip a building with several floors, a floor plan with the arrangement of sanitary devices is also drawn up.

Flow meters

And when designing heating systemshouses, and in the organization of water supply, the integration of flow sensors can be a useful solution. They allow you to monitor consumption figures, and the latest models work together with automatic control devices. Thus, the ease of operation and reliability in the operation of the devices is increased.

In most cases, modern designprovides for the integration of thermostats. Devices of this family operate on the principle of regulating water heating - this reduces the working intervals and increases the longevity. In addition, the presence of multifunction sensors is an element of the safety system of heating and water supply systems, preventing excessive production of heat or hot water.

Combined systems

In a broader sense, the combination of severalsubsystems in the same building infrastructure refers to the idea of ​​an "intelligent" house. Similar complexes also include safety devices, electrical equipment, air conditioners, etc.

Combined design and installation of systemsheating are oriented to the combination of two functions at the expense of the boiler, which operates with the boiler on the principle of priority supply of hot water. For the design of such systems, it is important to determine the number of collapsible points, the number of people living, and also to allow for the simultaneous use of several water supply sites.

Installation rules

Although the main reserve for effective operationcommunication equipment provides the design of heating and water supply systems, the quality of their installation is also of great importance. As a rule, installation is carried out before the implementation of facing and finishing procedures. Especially it concerns the laying of the pipeline, when the installation of sanitary ware in the floors and underground niches is carried out. Integration of wiring in the under-ceiling space is also common.

There are also nuances whendesign and installation of heating systems in homes. The specificity of the installation is determined by the type of equipment. In some cases, the room should initially be calculated for the discharge of combustion products. Here it is worth remembering the combination of air conditioning and ventilation in one complex.

Modernization of systems

Measures to improve existing systemsare carried out after technical audit of the equipment and the concept of the project. It is for further modernization that the design of the heating and water supply systems should allow for the replacement of components or the introduction of new devices.

A classic illustration of this updateis the laying of new pipes (for example, metal contours give way to PVC analogues), the introduction of more functional collector cabinets, the installation of pumps with forced circulation and other operations.

</ p>>