Measuring transducer: classification, application
Measuring converters are calledspecial instruments that are necessary for the precise determination of the value (temperature, voltage, current). The results obtained are used for processing by operators. The main parameters of this type of modifications include the conductivity signal, the conversion speed and the output voltage.
Also specialists take into account the indicatorresistance and permissible overload, which is measured in amperes. The standard measuring transducer includes a grid trigger. Contacts at the model are fixed on the dinistor. Zener diodes in devices are used with different conductivity. A triode is used to protect the equipment. In order to understand this question in more detail, we need to consider the main types of measuring converters.
Types of devices
By the mode of operation, the temperature models are distinguished,voltage, as well as current. Low-frequency devices, as a rule, are used in transformer substations. The signal conductivity index of transducers of this type is on the average no more than 34 microns. Many models have two triggers. The output sensitivity of the devices depends on the limiting voltage. Models with a high frequency are suitable for power plants.
It is also important to note that the separationconverters are carried out by the number of channels. This parameter depends on the type of triode. Maximum model is capable of supporting no more than three channels. Some modifications are capable of operating in a circuit with only alternating current. The limit of overload in converters of this type averages 4.5 A. Also there are devices for working in a network with a direct current. Quite often they can be found on high-voltage substations.
Single-channel temperature modifications
These measuring systems are actively usedat hydroelectric stations. Parameter of the maximum passableness at them makes about 70%. Contacts for models of the type represented, as a rule, are made of copper. Thyristors are used with various flanges. Valves are necessary to maintain a stable pressure. The relay for the converters is of the channel type. In devices with regulators there is a selector. This type of measuring transducers (price market) are worth about 13 thousand rubles.
Features of dual-channel temperature models
Measuring systems of this type are oftenare used in large hydroelectric power stations. To conduct laboratory research, they fit perfectly. Many modifications use a channel adapter. In this case, the parameter of marginal patency, as a rule, does not exceed 80%.
By dimensions converters of the specified typeare quite different. Zener diodes in devices are designed for high pressure. Controllers are often used with movable contacts. The average temperature measuring transducer is about 18 thousand rubles.
Application of three-channel temperature converters
Three-channel temperature converteris rare. The scope of the models is very extensive. First of all it is important to note that the models are suitable for hydraulic pumps of various capacities. In this case, the adapter is of the tubular type. Triggers in devices are used with multiple controllers. Filters are installed in the channel type. The average limit of their patency is about 85%. It is worth in our time, a quality three-channel temperature converter of about 25 thousand rubles.
Description of single-channel voltage devices
Voltage measuring transducersare produced with various structural elements. First of all, it is important to note that there are many modifications on the market without triggers. They work at the expense of dampers. To increase the permissible voltage, analog capacitors are used. They are established with a conductivity of 30 and 40 microns. If we consider the first option, it is important to note that they have contact insulators.
For powerful drive devices, the models fitgreat. Controllers at the devices are quite rare. The protection system is often used in the KI22 series. If we consider modifications of 40 microns, then they have controllers. The maximum switching parameter, as a rule, does not exceed 80%. Many models use two triggers. For drive units of 20 kW, the models of this type are suitable. The average single-channel measuring equipment costs about 28 thousand rubles.
Characteristics of two-channel voltage models
Dual-channel devices are greatfor hydraulic presses. The permissible conductivity parameter in the devices is about 22 microns. On average, the limiting voltage is about 300 V. Modifications to the protection system are very common. Rectifiers they are used on two plates.
The selector conductivity in this case depends onthe limiting frequency. These devices are only capable of operating in a circuit with alternating current. It is also important to note that the market has modifications with access selectors. A distinctive feature of converters of this type is a high switching factor.
If you believe the reviews of specialists, then forhydraulic devices of 20 kW, these models fit perfectly. Quite often devices are sold with one controller. Regulators in this case are absent. It is worth an average of two-channel quality measuring equipment of about 20 thousand rubles.
Three-channel voltage devices
To provide drive devices, oftenconverters of the specified type are used. The models with triggers of different conductivity are produced. Models with contact plates differ in their versatility. In this case, the average passability is not more than 75%. If you believe the feedback of experts, then for drives on 15 kW of the device are suitable. Also, there are special devices with linear triggers.
Coefficient of pulsation in convertersof this type is about 65%. In this case, much depends on the sensitivity of contacts. Parameter of the output voltage of the models is maximum allowed in 320 V. The protection system, as a rule, is used with the marking PC23. Many models are produced without insulators. For powerful drives, these devices are not suitable. It is also important to note that they have a low passability parameter. To buy a high-quality primary measuring transducer of this type is possible at a price of 23 thousand rubles.
Single-channel models of alternating current
Single-channel devices of this series are capable ofwork with many high-voltage devices. If you believe the feedback of experts, the regulators in the devices are of different classes. First of all, it is important to note modifications with wave controllers. The patency parameter of the models averages 45%.
Devices with frequency regulators are foundrarely. For the power transformers, the models of the type mentioned are suitable. Contacts they are often installed on the dinistor. The speed of processing data takes little time. Control units are used with capacitors. Models with adjustable triodes are in great demand.
The conductivity of the signal in the devices is notless than 50 microns. The threshold voltage indicator, as a rule, depends on the rectifier. The specified element in the device is responsible for the impulse oscillations. On the average, it can withstand an output resistance of 30 ohms. It is worth a qualitative converter measuring (AC) in the area of 17 thousand rubles.
Description of two-channel AC devices
Two-channel devices of the specified typeThey are used for hydraulic substations of different capacities. If you believe the responses of experts, then the frequency of the device is quite different. The average signal conductivity is at least 22 microns. The limiting voltage at the output depends on the trigger. As a rule, it is of a dipole type. In some cases, automatic capacitors are installed.
Transformers of this type are wonderfulsuitable for various power plants. However, it is important to note that the models often use a variable tetrode. Thus, the permissible temperature is 35 degrees. Modifications with analog triggers are rare. There is a two-channel converter (measuring) about 14 thousand rubles.
Application of three-channel models of alternating current
Three-channel devices are suitable only forpower substations. The protection system for instruments is usually indicated by the PC23 series. In this case, the triggers are only a binary type. The indicator of the limiting voltage at their output is not more than 340 V. Analog filters for converters are very rare.
The stabilization indicator averages 85%. For low-frequency transformers, the devices do not fit well. Models with beam controllers are very common. Data processing in average time takes 45 ms. Buy a high-quality converter (measuring) can be priced from 18 thousand rubles.
Single-channel models of direct current
Single-channel converters of this typeRemarkably suitable for drive devices. The maximum load rating on the output is no more than 4 A. On average, the patency of the modifications does not exceed 80%. If you believe the feedback of experts, then for the drive mechanisms for 3 kW devices of this series are great.
Capacitors for models use analog andswitched type. If we consider the first option, then they have a high overload parameter. For drive units of 7 kW, a single-channel converter (measuring) is not suitable.
Description of two-channel direct current devices
Transducers of this class are manufactured withone or more triggers. If you believe the feedback of experts, for transformers, the models fit perfectly. The protection system for them, as a rule, applies to the PC44 series. The plates in the devices are used with different conductivity. For high-voltage shields, the instruments are excellent. The maximum load rating on the output is no more than 8 A.
Models with electrode dampers are foundrarely. For substations of 300 V they do not fit. The passability index of converters of this series is on the average 75%. Modifications with triodes can significantly speed up the processing of data. It is an average of this transducer (measuring) in the region of 19 thousand rubles.
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