Description of Moscow and its sights

Let's make a description of Moscow, the capital of Russia. Moscow is the most populous city in Europe. More than 10 million people live here. The capital of Russia is also considered one of the oldest cities on European territory. As early as 1147, the first written testimonies about it are included. In the 13th century Moscow became the center of a separate principality, and by the end of the 14th century it became the capital that unites the entire Russian state. Since then, it has been the center of the country's cultural and political life. Here, typography is born, the first Russian-language newspaper is published, and the first public theater, the Kremlin comedy temple, opens in Russia.

Let's consider the main sights of Moscow. A photo with the names and description of them will be presented below. We will tell only in general terms about the Russian capital, which can be talked about for a very long time.

Opening of the Moscow University

Peter I, as you know, in 1713 transferred toPetersburg is the capital. But Moscow remained, as before, the center of art and science. It is no accident that in this city in 1755 the first university of the country was opened - the Moscow one. Moscow since 1918 regains the lost status of the capital.

The diversity of the capital's architecture

When writing a description of Moscow, it should be said thaton the architecture of the city all the milestones of Russian history were reflected. The modern capital is a mixture of narrow alleys and wide roads, ancient palaces and high-rise buildings, extensive forest parks and industrial areas. It is so diverse that when you get acquainted with it, you get the impression of traveling in space and time.

Description of the Red Square

In Moscow, the Kremlin and the Red Square arethe historical center of the city. It strikes at first sight its majestic architecture. The unusual landscape of the capital begins to be seen already here, in the center of the city. These are the steep bends of the Moscow River, hilly reliefs, radial-circular layout. All this is presented against the background of numerous churches and temples with glittering gold domes. Not only museums and temples are located inside the Kremlin walls. Making a description of the Red Square in Moscow, it is necessary to note two large pedestals: the Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon, which amaze the imagination of numerous tourists.

GUM

The pearl of Red Square is a sparklingthe fire of many bright colors St. Basil's Cathedral. Here is GUM - a department store, consisting of three floors. It is one of the main local attractions. Transitions in the form of arches connect three lines of GUM. When you walk here, you get the impression that you are in a special ancient city.

Museums of the capital

Sights of Moscow, the description of which wewe are not only Red Square. Among other things, many museums are located in the center of the capital. It is impossible not to mention them, making a description of Moscow. The most famous of them are the Tretyakov Gallery and the Pushkin Museum.

Many great artists lived in thiscity. Their apartments and houses after death have turned into museums of Moscow, the description of which will be especially interesting for connoisseurs of art. Having visited the museum houses of Stanislavsky, Chaliapin, Chekhov, Ostrovsky, Lermontov, museum-apartments Nemirovich-Danchenko, AN Tolstoy, Pushkin, you can plunge into the atmosphere of life of these great figures. This is only a small list of famous people who lived in Moscow. We advise you to visit these monuments of Moscow. The photos with the description are not able to convey the atmosphere reigning in these museums. In the photo below - Chekhov's house museum.

In the center there are numerous theaters. Many of them are monuments of architecture. In Moscow, various performances are now staged: from opera to operetta and musical.

Arbat

Arbat is one of the most interesting placesThe central part of the city, in which many of the sights of Moscow are represented. A description of it will be interesting to many readers. It should be said that not only the old street is meant by Arbat. Arbat - a whole area, enclosed between Malaya and Bolshaya Nikitskiy streets and Kropotkinskaya embankment. Here lived many great artists and writers. This district was sung many times in songs and poems. Leo Tolstoy and Pushkin, Bulgakov and Bunin, Okudzhava and Rybakov lived on the Arbat. Today, Arbat Street is a pedestrian zone and a meeting place for representatives of creative professions. Here, in addition, there are many restaurants and cafes.

"Kolomenskoye"

Not only its center, where secular andcultural life, interesting Moscow. A brief description of the city should include information about parks and manors. Moscow forest parks and estates deserve special attention. One of them, the Kolomenskoye Museum-Reserve, is located on the site of an ancient manor of the great Russian princes and kings. A fairly small area is home to a complex of monuments of archeology, architecture and geology. In the museum-preserve you can see huge boulders, preserved since the ice age. However, its main feature is the monuments of the tent architecture, attracting many tourists, which at any time of the year is filled with Moscow. A short description of the city will be continued with a story about the park and the manor.

Tsaritsynsky Park and the Estate of Kuskovo

Tsaritsynsky Park is located in the south of Moscow. He is interested in a large ensemble of palace buildings. Catherine II ordered the building of Tsaritsyno. As a result, the Empress never used these buildings built by the project of Matvey Kazakov and Vasily Bazhenov, two great Russian architects. The Grand Palace was not completed. He is one of the largest in Moscow. 170 meters is the length of its facade. In the Grand Kremlin Palace, for comparison, the length of the facade is 120 meters.

Kuskovo Estate is located in the east of the capital. She used to belong to Count Sheremetyev. This manor is famous for its ceramics museum and its unique architecture. You can see the photo below.

Very interesting are these monuments of Moscow. A photo with the description above will help you get to know them better.

Ostankino

In the north is Ostankino. This manor attracts tourists with its classical palace, which was built in the 13th century. The white-birch birch tree, typical of the Moscow region, is next to it. Over the park and the estate stands the Ostankino Tower.

The shape of a megacity in the 20th century

In the 20th century, Moscow changed a lot. The description of the city should be drawn up with these transformations. Many ancient buildings were demolished. As a result of the construction of new buildings of the same type, the city has greatly expanded. However, not only the negative nature of the changes in the architecture of the capital. New sights of Moscow appeared. With the names and description of them we will now introduce the reader.

Seven monuments of Stalinist architecture became hersymbols. This is a famous high-rise building. Moscow University on Vorobyovy Gory is located in one of them. The main observation point of Moscow is the observation deck, located on the Sparrow Hills. The best panorama of the city is revealed from here.

VDNH (Moscow)

Description of the city will continue with a brief introduction toanother curious place. VDNKh is a well-known monument of architecture of the Soviet period. Later it was renamed VVC. This is a whole complex of exhibition pavilions, which differ in their majestic appearance. Between them are the famous fountains. The most famous is the Fountain of Friendship of Peoples. It is decorated with gold figures. This fountain can be proud of Moscow. The photo with the description does not convey, unfortunately, all its splendor.

Hotel "Cosmos"

Hotel "Cosmos" is located near the exhibitioncenter. Its name reminds that the history of cosmonautics in our country began precisely in this region. Here, near the Prospectus of the World, domestic rocketry was born. Remind of this and the rocket-topped obelisk, and the monument to Tsiolkovsky, the founder of astronautics, and the alley in which busts to Academicians Mstislav Keldysh and Sergei Korolyov are. All these are important monuments that should be included in the description of Moscow.

Manege

One of the best monuments of late classicism is the Manezh building. It is distinguished by a restrained strength and breadth of purpose.

The building was built in 1817 in honor of the fifth anniversaryvictory in the war of 1812. The authors of the project were architects Montferrand and Beauvais, engineers - Kashperov, Betancourt, Carbonne. The rhythm of the Doric columns, located along the side facades, allows one to forget about the long extension of this building. The usual at that time tribute to the victory of Russian weapons are images of military regalia on them.

The opening of the Arena was marked by a parade of troops,who returned with a victory not long before from Paris. It is interesting that the Moscow Governor-General demanded that the facades of the building be filled with sculptural compositions. However, the town builder Bove did not succumb to this seductive order, although it was Manezh who determined the face of the city's development. According to his plan, the building of the Moscow University, located in the neighborhood with it, should become the compositional center of the entire Manege Square.

The huge hall of the Manezh was covered with woodensuspended roof without support columns. It was considered at that time a miracle of technique "The Manege was originally designed for parades, shows and exercises, and it was also used for other purposes - for concerts, folk festivals and exhibitions - since 1831. Wooden rafters were replaced with metal ones in 1940. After a new reconstruction , in 1957, opened the Central Exhibition Hall, where various exhibitions are held and to the present day.

Moscow subway

One of the main attractions of the citymake up the metro station, which is called the "underground palaces" of the capital. They are distinguished by the magnificence of the underground halls and vestibules. The decision to build was made in 1931. And the first draft was approved not long before the First World War in the City Duma. In 1935, on May 15, the first metro line (Sokolnicheskaya Line) was opened for passengers. Lublin came into operation last (in the 20th century). This happened in 1995. More than 20 types of marble were used in the construction of the underground, as well as onyx, rhodonite, porphyry, granite, labrador and other types of stone. Reliefs, statues, monumental and decorative compositions adorn the underground complexes. They were created by the leading masters of the country.

Builders and architects of the Moscow Metrosought to not only create conditions that are comfortable for passengers, but also give an individual look to each station. One of the best is Mayakovskaya. It was opened in 1938. In the form of lined with stainless steel and granite metal columns, the supports of the underground hall are made. Mosaic panels, created by the sketches of Deineka, are located in domes. At an exhibition in Paris in 1937, the stations of the first stage of the metro in Moscow received an award for urban planning, and Mayakovskaya was awarded the Grand Prix.

Among the great architectural monuments of the 30-50'sKropotkinskaya, Novoslobodskaya, Mayakovskaya, Komsomolskaya with Corina mosaics, Revolution Square, which is decorated with 76 bronze sculptures Mazinera, and others belong to the station. Metro during the Great Patriotic War was used as a bomb shelter. New stations are distinguished by strict design and simplicity.

In order to navigate in the metro, there are its schemes. They are in all the vestibules. Help is also helped by light pointers and automatic help devices.

The Crimean bridge

Continue the description of Moscow with a story about suchthe sights of the city, like the Crimean bridge. In 1783 a wooden Nikolayev bridge was built on the site of the Crimean ford. It was replaced after 100 years of metal with latticed trusses.

In 1935 six new bridges were decoratedMoscow River. The description of all of them we will not compose. However, the Crimean bridge deserves special attention. He connected with the Garden Ring road the Gorky Park of Culture and Kaluga Square. Crimean, like other new bridges, overlaps the embankments, thereby ensuring the decoupling of transport, which are at different levels. It differs from the others in the type of suspension structure. This bridge is the only hanging bridge across the Moscow River. Its length is 671 m.

F.O. Shekhtel's mansion

In 1896 architect Shekhtel was builtprivate mansion. It differs above all in the picturesque free composition of the building, which resembles a medieval castle. The architecture reflects the romantic trends that preceded modernity.

Living rooms are facing the garden, the living rooms are facing the street. In the center of the house is the main staircase. The main rooms are arranged around it. Above the side staircase and the entrance are the pinnacle towers. VA Frolov's mosaic is located above the entrance. It depicts three states of iris: the opening of this flower, its flowering and wilting. Widely used in interiors is a tree of various breeds. The decorated fireplace is in the square living room. Above it rises a balcony. The building today is used as an embassy. Here lived in 1920 Soviet high-ranking officials, including Bubnov, People's Commissar.

Ministry of Agriculture

This building, consisting of 8 floors, is completed instyle of late constructivism. It is located in the nodal point of the city, at the junction of several traffic flows. The basis of it is a reinforced concrete frame with lined plaster curtain walls. The ministry as a whole remotely resembles Mendelssohn's compositions. It successfully blends in with the Centrosoyuz and Gostorg located in the neighborhood. Along with elevators for lifting are used in the building constantly moving cabs.

These are the main sights of Moscow. Photos with names and descriptions will help you to present the modern look of the Russian capital.

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