Oxidation-reduction potential

Oxidation-reduction potentialis an electrical potential that accumulates on an electrode in a solution containing a number of oxidation-reduction systems. Such systems, for brevity, will be referred to in the paper as OVS. A prerequisite for the formation and fixation of such a potential is that the electrode on which it occurs is of an inert metal.

Reversible OVS, or redox system, is sucha solution in which the substance is present in its oxidized and reduced forms simultaneously. Each of these forms must be formed from the other during the oxidation-reduction reaction. In short, the forms of matter present in such a solution must be potentially reversible. The simplest example of a redox system can be a solution in which cations or anions of the same metal are present, but their valence is different.

In such systems, the process of transition from one formsubstance to the other is produced by transferring electrons from the reconstructed form. Such systems are some respiratory enzymes that contain hemin in their composition. Their oxidation-reduction potential is determined in accordance with the regularities discovered by Klaus Peters. In the biological world, there is a sufficient number of redox systems in which the transition process is not carried out by electron transfer, but by an equal number of protons.

In the laboratorythe redox potential is determined by the potentiometric method. Its technology is as follows: both inert electrodes are placed first in the same solution, and then in different solutions, but which are connected by an electrolytic bond, allowing the solutions to mix. The difference in the number of transfer elements determines the magnitude of the potential.

For the measurement, a colormetric method is also used, where the measurement is carried out by means of special indicators.

Regardless of the type of measurement,that the value of the oxidation-reduction potential is a universal indicator of both the reducing properties of the redox system and its oxidative potential. The mechanism of the redox process is fairly simple to understand. Within its framework, an OVC with a higher potential index oxidizes the OBC, which has a redox potential of lesser magnitude. The measurement of this potential allows us to determine the amount of energy that is contained in the course of oxidation-reduction processes occurring in nature.

These processes ensure the existence of eachorganism, because it is connected by the movement of electrons, and, consequently, with the release of a certain amount of energy that supports homeostasis and the process of cell regeneration.

For example, normal, or standardoxidation-reduction potential of the human body is a range of - 200 mV - + 100 mV, which indicates the restored nature of the body environment. When measuring the potential, the following condition should be observed: to obtain reliable comparative data, measurements should be carried out under the same physico-chemical conditions. If, under the same conditions as for the human body, the conditions of measuring the redox potential of water, it can be found that its magnitude is almost always positive and amounts to a parameter of 200 to 300 mV. This discrepancy in the potential values ​​of water and the human body, suggests that the electrons in the body behave much more actively than in the aqueous solution. In practice, this means that water with such indicators, entering the human body, immediately enters the oxidation process.

This property is used for correctionindicators of such an OVS, which is our body. Water, which has a negative indicator of potential, is used as the most important component (and independently) for the preparation of preparations stabilizing the redox balance of the organism.

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