Systematics of monkeys. Monkey-billed monkeys
Primates are one of the progressive detachments of mammals, including monkeys, the systematics of which are briefly described in this article, and man.
The most recent appearance on Earth, butThe first in intelligence, ingenuity and the desire to know the world - such are the primates. Evolution gave them not only a developed brain, but also a color stereoscopic vision, incredible dexterity and long moving fingers. These features make primates the ideal inhabitants of tree crowns.
Systematics of primates
Classify the primates started by Carl Linnaeus in1758, dividing the taxonomy into monkeys, half-lions, sloths and bats. Then the person was separated from the other four-armed monkeys in a suborder of two-handed. However, further study of the characteristics of representatives of different species led to the need to review the existing structure.
Modern systematics divides primates into two large suborders:
mock-nosed, which includes memorials for the cartoon "Madagascar" lemurs, as well as the lesser known lori, galago, indri and auk-ay-ay;
- dry-nosed, to which are actually monkeys and crumbs-tarsiers.
According to the number of species among primates, monkeys predominate: 241 out of 369. Those that inhabit Africa and South-East Asia are classified as Uzkonosym, and inhabitants of the New World are called broad-leaved, or platyrrines.
How to distinguish a broad-eared monkey
The symptom that defined the name of this group - a wide nasal septum - is not characteristic for all platyrrin. But most of them have other features:
The big toe is opposed to the rest, and the same finger of the hand is not;
A grasping tail with papillary patterns on the underside;
absence of sciatic callosities and cheek pouches;
food mainly leaves and insects;
an exceptionally arboreal way of life.
Systematics of the monkeys of the suborder of broad-eared zoologistsconstantly review, but traditionally there are two families: the cebuses and the game. They live in the warm latitudes of the New World in the rainforests from Argentina to Mexico.
Family of Tsebusovye: from amusing capuchins to monkeys-spiders
Capuchins (cebus) - the most famous ofbroad-leaved monkeys. The Europeans "discerned" in their guise monastic attire and appreciated the intelligence of these little tomboy, thanks to which the capuchins are often kept in apartments on a par with cats. They like to live in one place, pound nuts and rub wool with any odorous substances, from formic acid to urine and expensive perfume.
Similar to Capuchin saimiri, the size is similar to that of squirrels, but they can defeat the campground due to the extreme degree of curiosity and the numerous flocks: up to 500 individuals.
It is difficult for a person to sleep in the area wheresettled howler howlers. Resonators of males are so powerful that the cry of a monkey is heard for 2-3 km. And roars not one individual, but the whole community, and does it at any time of the day. In the jungles of Orinoco, at night, crumbs-durukuli also cry.
Bald short-tailed wakari deceive sadthe expression of his face. In fact, they are sociable and inquisitive. And spider monkeys of the koats impress with the size of the limbs and tail, the strength of which allows them to hang, folding all the paws on the chest. The tail of the koata tears the fruits, begs for food in zoos and opens the doors of unlocked cells.
Playing family: monkeys with claws
A distinctive feature of the game is the presence of nails only on the thumbs of the hind legs. All the other fingers are equipped with claws, so this group is called a clawed monkey.
They are extremely small - fit on the palm of your hand. Silky fur, original tufts of hairs on the head, an agreeable character often makes playthings and marmosets similar to them pets.
Smart and unusual tamarins - animals the size ofcat, mischievous and restless. In the taxonomy of monkeys, tamarins differ somewhat from the rest by the device of the society: in their small flocks, only one female has a litter, and always gives birth to twins. The rest of the group is given the honor to look after the cubs.
The main variety of broad-eared monkeysaccounted for by Brazil. In this regard, zoologists have two problems: to understand how primates infiltrated the American continent, and to protect monkeys and other animals from extinction associated with the development of tropical forests.
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