Bibliographic list and references
Execution of the results of the scientific and educationalworks (course, abstract, dissertation, scientific article) refers to one of the most important stages of creative and scientific research work. Rules for creating the appearance of works, which are common to each branch of knowledge, govern state standards.
The end of the scientific work containsbibliographic list. GOST provides in its content information about the sources that were used when writing the text. These include normative documents, monographs, laws, directories, scientific and technical reports, collections of works, articles from newspapers or magazines and others. The bibliographic list of literature is an integral part and is placed after the main message.
All records of documents in this section must be compiled according to the rules of the accepted description.
The bibliographic list can be compiled according to different principles of the location of documents.
According to the alphabetical order, the entries can be arranged in accordance with the alphabet of author's surnames and table of contents of works. It is recommended to place information in the following way:
- in the case of coincidence in the title of the first words - according to the alphabet of the following and so on;
- when using works under one authorship - alphabetically of tables of contents;
- when using literature of authors with one surname - according to the alphabet of their initials;
- when using the work of one author, written in co-authorship with others - in the alphabetical order of coauthors.
Systematic bibliographic listis a collection of information with the selected headings. They are located in a specific sequence. Each column is made up according to the alphabet of records.
Chronological Bibliographic Listassumes the location of used literary works in accordance with the year of their publication. This method of compilation is appropriate in the case when available information is intended to reflect the development of the idea.
The bibliographic list, reflecting the type of publications used, can be normative-instructive, official, reference, state, popular science, educational, production, and scientific.
Descriptions in languages using different graphicsare arranged in two alphabetical series. The first language indicates the language of the publication with the list included, after other languages are listed according to the alphabet of their name.
Numbering of descriptions is necessarily carried out in a through order. New mixing should begin with a paragraph retreat from a new line.
For search, identification and general characteristicsa bibliographic reference is used. This collection of information about the other work (document, its constituent part or several documents) quoted or considered in the text is used when borrowing tables, provisions, formulas, illustrations, when citing, the necessity of referring to that publication, in which the question is set out in more detail, when analyzing published publications.
Registration of such links can be carried out with minor deviations from the generally accepted rules for compiling bibliographic descriptions of sources.
When you include information in the text, you mustobserve the rules for its design. For example, the names of books are enclosed in the text in quotation marks. In the reference, the author's initials are placed before the surname. Instead of a dash and a point between parts of the description, it is allowed to leave only one point, you can also use the short description form.
Bibliographic references can be:
- In-text;
- subscript;
- textual;
- complex;
- Primary;
- repeated.
Sendings in the text of the work should be enclosed in square brackets.
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