The object of management, the subject of management - complementary concepts
In management there are two such concepts, asobject of management, subject of management. Each organization is represented by the combination of two subsystems. One of them is leading, and the other is manageable. But in both cases they are relations between people.
Object and Subject
Management is a system of interactioninterrelated elements. It is represented by a set of qualitative characteristics, one of which is the unpredictability of all processes taking place in the system. Thus, management and management are developing. In this case, everything that happens must be amenable to analysis, which allows you to organize and explain events.
The subject of management is an organ orperson who is engaged in management activities. It is aimed at subordinate structures or individuals. They are a control object. At the same time, the same part of the organization in relation to different structures and bodies can perform opposite functions. That is, it is a control object, a subject of management at the same time.
The position of the black box
In the theory of management review, an essentialThe meaning is assigned to such a notion as a "black box". It is considered by the direction "Organization Theory". For certain boundaries and frameworks, a combination of factors, resources, impacts and other influencing characteristics is inherent. As a result, there is a result, important elements of which are the object of management, the subject of management. It is represented by quantitative characteristics that are to be measured and compared.
That is, the black box is knowledge, experience,practical skills that are required to obtain the result. The system should be aimed at achieving a certain goal. Existing resources, as well as external impacts, should lead to results. This is the basis of management.
In a black box, certain processes occur,which are of interest and are subject to study. This allows you to control what is happening. And thanks to a complete view of the object and the subject, you can build a fairly interconnected structure. That is, there is a system that unites such concepts as the object of management, the subject of management. In its framework, and there is interaction.
Example of a city supermarket
A very similar system is visible in the examplean ordinary supermarket. In it, the director and the administration form the administrative apparatus. Its impact is directed to the store departments. They are a managed system.
Each department is headed by its head. He manages the sellers who work in the assigned section. At the same time, the director of a department store is a subordinate to higher authorities. But the Ministry of Trade acts as a subject of management. This example clearly shows that the concepts of "management" and "management" are based on a complementary object and subject of management. That is, the lead and the slave are relative concepts.
Also, the subjects of management are represented by judicial and legislative authorities. The state influences the structures under its jurisdiction, using judicial decisions and laws.
Classification of objects affected by the state
The impact of the subject of management on the management object is often manifested as an influence at the state level. There are several types of classification with respect to subordinate structures:
- The level of tasks to be solved. They can relate to questions about the economy of the republic, a particular area of activity, as well as a region or organization.
- Depending on the types of regulated activities. This involves investment, income, markets, personal consumption and a large number of other factors.
- Depending on the destination of the impact. They can be represented by private national companies, educational institutions, foundations and research centers.
Thus, a management system is formed. The object and the subject are complementary categories. They are able to transform into opposites with respect to different structures.
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