OS Symbian. Operating system for cell phones, smartphones and communicators

One of the most reliable and qualitativeoperating systems for smartphones and phones is considered to be Symbian. Until 2008 it was developed by the same name consortium. With the sale of the full package of shares, consumer demand for the OS also expanded. The reason for this was the expansion of production and contracts with the world's leading brands.

From sources to perfection

In the mid-1990s, mobile systems were leftwish for the best. Multimedia capabilities were minimized, the engine was monolithic, applications were limited to single banal copies (calendar, calculator, etc.). Everything radically changed in 1997, when a number of companies signed a pact on cooperation in the development of a universal OS. So the Symbian consortium was founded. It was headed by heads of brands Nokia, Ericsson, Psion and Motorola.

Near the end of the 1990s, the first OS appearedSymbian 5. Its platform was supported by Psion computers, as well as devices Ericsson MC218 and netPad. Soon the developers added the EPOC5u system to the Unicode integration. The turning point for the consortium has come with the release of OS version 6.0. On its basis came the first branded smartphone Symbian - Nokia 9210.

In subsequent years, mobile systems of steeldevelop with extraordinary speed. In 2003, developers pleased the users of Symbian OS 7 and its extended version. This system could support most popular platforms: UIQ, Series 60 and 80, FOMA and others. By the middle of 2004, Psion and Motorola unexpectedly left the consortium. However, this did not affect the further production. At the end of the year, Symbian 8 appeared, which could support 2-core devices.

The next version of the OS is 9.0 - markedly expanded the influence of the brand on the world market. In the development, the latest technologies were used, which none of the other companies had. This allowed us to move away from the integration of the ECA1 kernel. In OS 9.2, you can work with OMA Management and Bluetooth 2. Version 9.2 supports the HSDPA interface and Vietnamese hieroglyphs.

The new Symbian OS 9.4 was released in the spring of 2007. Its main distinguishing feature was the support of touch controls. Also it was more optimized, so it was suitable for weak phones, saving up to 30% of the battery charge. It is worth noting and accelerated interface with support for DVB-H and VoIP.

Mobile revolution and sunset era

In December 2008, the rights to softwarethe provision of Symbian went to the company "Nokia". A month later, all the applications and OS of mobile phones began to come out with the prefix Nokia. First of all, the new owners of the consortium transferred the OS from the familiar S60 platform to the x86 processor. The Intel Atom system was used for testing.

New OS were qualitative and fast, howevermany users did not like that they were still paying. In November 2009, with Symbian, Samsung broke the contract. This strongly affected the authority of the consortium. Often that's why in February 2010 it was decided to make the Symbian line completely free and open. In the autumn of the same year, Sony Ericsson also came out of the association, moving to its main competitor, "Android."

Gradually, the sale of devices on the OS of the well-knownThe consortium began to be reduced to a minimum. In 2011, the official website of the brand completed. There were rumors about the termination of the release of new OS. At the end of 2011, the new Nokia Belle axis was announced, which became the prototype of the updated Symbian. For the next two years OS users were content with only a few updates. In 2013 the project was transferred to the support mode. Further developments are not planned in the near future.

Characteristics

OS Symbian is considered the successor of the notoriousline of EPOC32, which was developed by Psion engineers in the mid-1990s for handheld computers. In 1999, most of the system underwent modernization. The developers pursued the goal of optimizing the code so that the OS functioned normally even on the weakest devices.

Achieve outstanding results programmersThanks to improved caching. This allowed not only to save a significant part of memory and battery power, but also to speed up the work of applications. The whole fault is a new approach to programming. In the development of the architecture, an object-oriented method was used. In versions 9.x, a reliable security mechanism appeared at the API level. In addition, Symbian employees managed to demarcate RAM in accordance with application priorities.

It should be noted that for a long time the main languageprogramming remained C ++, which supported Java and PIPS libraries. As for Nokia Symbian OS, it combined all the best qualities and characteristics of the main competitors of Windows Mobile and Google Android.

Basic Modifications

At the moment, there are several OSes forphones based on the development of Symbian. First of all it concerns UIQ. This OS is an integral part of Motorola and Sony Ericsson smartphones. The main difference between this system and others is the support of the touch screen. All rights to OS belong to Sony.

The Series 60 system was once the basis for allphone devices. For a long time it was licensed by such well-known brands as Siemens, Samsung, LG, etc. Initially it was developed for phones with a keyboard. The new version of Series 80 has become the visiting card of the Japanese company. The platform was also created for phones with a keyboard.

OS MOAR has gained high popularity in Asia. At the moment, this platform produces products of such famous brands as Fujitsu, Sharp, Mitsubishi and Sony Ericsson.

Non-standard OS modifications use Nokia 77xx smartphones.

Comparison of the leading OS

OS Symbian has been widely used inbudget devices. The system has become a visiting card brand of Nokia. Updates Belle and Anna breathed new life into the line of the Japanese company. Nevertheless, today new smartphones on this OS no longer come out. According to the characteristics of the system is designed conveniently. If it were not for the popularity of Android and iOS, Symbian's products would still be in a trend. Nokia smartphones have a colorful multimedia center and a fast engine. Almost all modern applications and interfaces are supported.

Android phone operating systemsToday they are in the lead in terms of popularity throughout the world. And this despite the fact that the OS is quite young. The first version was released in wide production only 6 years ago. Google owns the rights to the software product. The system attracts colorful and efficient work. The latest versions of OS contain a lot of new useful functions and services. On the basis of "Android" today are smartphones of brands such as HTC, Samsung, Motorola, etc.

Apple iOS is the second most popular OSamong mobile platforms. The interface is convenient, understandable, functional. Unlike all other manufacturers, Apple does not focus on appearance, but on activity. That's why all updates relate to functionality, not new multimedia chips.

Windows systems for mobile platforms are not soare in demand, both for computers. It's all about the awkward interface. Inexperienced users find it difficult to understand the available functionality. Often the most important options are hidden away in the menu. And if Windows 7 still had a colorful user-friendly interface and optimized requirements, then Eight was just a failure. The only thing that saved the new OS - the right marketing.

MOAR and Nokia S90 platforms

The OS data came out autonomously from the softwareSymbian products. MOAD platform was created for devices commissioned by Japanese operator DoCoMo. On its basis, users for the first time had the opportunity to use the 3G service. To date, based on MOAR, there are Panasonic, Fujitsu, Mitsubishi, etc. phones.

The Series 90 platform from Nokia developers wassubsequently integrated into the Symbian OS version 7. The prototype of the system was the S80 OS from Psion. As for the Nokia S90, thanks to it, it became possible to support screens with an extension of up to 640 pixels. It was a big leap forward. The S90 interface is similar in functionality to the Internet Tablet. In 2005, it was decided to introduce the developments of the platform in Symbian S60 for branded Nokia smartphones. This step allowed the company to shoot at the world market of touch phones.

Symbian S60 Platform

This software product for a long time remainedfor competitors unattainable. As a result, the platform for their own needs was licensed by such brands as LG, Lenovo, Samsung, Panasonic and others. The OS was developed in cooperation with the companies "Electrobit", "Mobica", etc. The product supply was additionally handled by the operators Orange and Vodafone.

Symbian OS S60 is a standardsoftware for smartphones that supports Python, Java and C ++. The functional includes updated libraries for telephony and multimedia, tools PIM. The maximum resolution that the platform supports is 360 by 640 pixels.

The main disadvantage of the system is a strict certification mechanism, which significantly limits the capabilities of users.

Symbian S80 Platform

This product has become a true flagship of phonesNokia. On its basis was developed OS Symbian 9.х. The platform has been put on production since 2000. Specializes in communicators. Can support non-standard display formats, for example 640 by 200 points. The built-in qwerty-keyboard.

For some time the platform remained withoutupdates. After 2005, she entered the development of a new universal OS, which was used in the Nokia E90. It should be noted that the platform interacts with J2ME applications and TLS and SSL interfaces. The system has a built-in Opera browser and a file manager with integrated electronic fax. The latest updates allowed access to Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.

UIQ platform

This is the most powerful and expensive of the developedtechnologies of the company Symbian. The platform is a quartz user interface, focused on improving the graphics component. UIQ provides the core of the operating system with additional components. Due to this, telephone devices become multifunctional and open to all possibilities.

The platform interacts with third-partyapplications and is focused on touch control. The program part is written in C ++. There is support for Java applications. The UIQ technology made it possible to achieve a depth of 4096 colors. The newer versions of the platform expanded this figure to 18 bits. The updated UIQ 3.2 interacts with services such as MMS Postcard and OMA IMPS.

The software platform supports Visual Studio, Eclipse, Java API, Carbide. Improved Wi-Fi integration technology. There are built-in widgets, a browser, multimedia applications, etc.

Devices on Symbian OS

Most mobile phone models thatoperate on the basis of Symbian OS, - these are smartphones and other devices of Nokia. There are more than three dozen devices. This is 5230, and 5800 Xpress, and C7-00, and the models are simpler, such as Nokia E72, N93 and others.

Also one time OS Symbian were in demand in devices Sony Ericsson. These are models such as P900, M600, Vivaz, W960, etc. Among other brands, we can distinguish Motorola A1000 and Samsung i8910.

If Symbian did not have such famous competitors as Android and IOS, the number of devices supporting its OS would be much larger.

Games and Apps for Symbian

All major multimediaprograms. This is a video player, and a music service, and applications for working with images. In Symbian OS programs occupy a small part of the phone. This is done specially to unload the internal memory. In the standard functionality there is a browser Opera 9.5 and a utility that monitors the system updates.

From the games you can select all the famous Angry Birds, OpenTTD and Cut the Rope, as well as Adventures of Tintin and Fruit Ninja.

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