"Niva Chevrolet": cooling system. "Niva Chevrolet": cooling system device and possible malfunctions

In the composition of any car there areseveral basic systems, without the correct functioning of which all the benefits and enjoyment of ownership can be brought to nothing. Among them: engine power system, exhaust system, electrical system, as well as engine cooling system. It is possible to argue long, which of them is more important or more important and which should be given the main attention. In fact, every system and even a separate node needs care and care. The easiest way to understand this is by drawing an analogy between a car and a living organism. Run just one organ - and get into trouble.

In this article we will talk about the cooling system of the car "Niva Chevrolet". The following issues will be considered:

- structure and composition of the cooling system;

- weaknesses - what should be paid special attention;

- prevention and inspection - the guarantee of long operation of the whole device;

- variants of malfunctions and ways of their effective elimination.

Structure and main components of the system

In order to have a good understanding of the worksystem, it is enough to see before itself its structure and components. Already only on the basis of a schematic drawing can you make a picture of the work and see the weaknesses. Not an exception and the cooling system. "Niva Chevrolet" is represented by a closed, forcibly circulated structure.

As can be seen from the figure, the system contains such important components:

• radiator;
• cooling fans;
• thermostat;
• cooling pipes and stoves;
• fan pump;
• expansion tank;
• coolant temperature sensor.

Without proper operation of any of these elements, the entire engine cooling system will be ineffective. "Chevrolet Niva" actually depends on these components.

Purpose and principle of operation

The engine of the car in serviceundergoes significant heating. Inside the cylinders, the temperature of the gases reaches 2000 degrees Celsius. To remove this temperature stress, the cooling system is designed. To this end, the engine includes a so-called water jacket - a system of channels through which the cooling liquid passes. Due to forced circulation, heat is drawn out.

Pipes, pump, thermostat - that's the whole systemcooling. "Niva Chevrolet", the scheme of the antifreeze or antifreeze flow of which is shown in the figure above, is cooled quite quickly. This is provided by a water pump, which in turn operates from the crankshaft pulley through the poly-V belt. On a cold engine (coolant temperature up to 78 ° C), the thermostat is closed and circulating through the "small circle", bypassing the cooling radiator. In the "small circle", except for the engine jacket, the radiator of the heater and the block for heating the throttle are obligatory.

After warming up the engine, and thereforeantifreeze (over 80 ° C), the thermostat opens, the coolant circulates through the main cooling radiator. The radiator has two vertical plastic tanks and an aluminum central part of the horizontal tubules. Antifreeze comes through the upper branch pipe to the right tank, and leaves the radiator through the outlet branch pipe from the left tank. Here is the drain plug from the radiator.

Control system

Electronics in the car dominates theelements of any system, the cooling system is no exception. "Niva Chevrolet" has control over the circulation of antifreeze, based on the operation of the controller, the data on which comes from the temperature sensor, and the control unit. On the cooling radiator a casing with two twin fans is fixed. People call them "carlsons." Information about the temperature rise of the antifreeze comes from the temperature sensor, which is installed in the engine block. And already control is carried out directly by the computer (electronic control unit).

At a certain, programmed excessThe temperature is first switched on by one right-hand fan, and then both in the enhanced mode. For different firmware versions of the control unit, the first fan is switched on from 98 ° C, and immediately both from 100 ° C or 102 ° C. The increased operating mode is switched off after the temperature drops to 93 ° C. There are options where only two fans operate at the same time, which is not always convenient. This nuance is one of the weakest links in the cooling system. Sometimes it is enough to reflash the computer to achieve the optimum fan operation mode, and everything gets better.

Other components of the cooling system

In addition to the main important components of the systemcooling, such as a radiator, thermostat, water pump and fan coil, do not forget about the auxiliary elements. There are still pipes of the cooling system. "Chevrolet Niva" depends on these elements too. Sometimes a simple non-tightened pipe clamp can lead to overheating of the coolant. And all because there will be leakage through an unsealed connection.

The expansion tank of the car has a stopper withinlet and exhaust valves. The most interesting for us - graduation - is designed to maintain the necessary pressure in the system. This is done in order to heat up more quickly with increased pressure, which means that the engine will quickly reach operating temperature. In the case of a rapid rise in temperature (the thermostat wedges and does not have time to open), the valve in the cork tank is triggered and releases excess pressure.

Possible malfunctions of cooling system

The required temperaturemaintain engine cooling system. "Chevrolet Niva" can quickly overheat quickly, and this almost always leads to the repair of the power unit. Therefore, it is important to prevent any possible problems in advance. Preventive maintenance - first of all. What should I look for first?

The weaknesses of the "Chevrolet Niva" include:

• expansion tank and its plug with a valve;
• water pump;
• electric control system for radiators;
• thermostat;
• radiator;
• generator belt;
• system connections.

Malfunctions of cooling system "Niva Chevrolet"well studied. After all, this model has been in operation since 2002. Following the recommendations, it is possible to avoid almost all problems associated with engine overheating.

Expansion tank

It would seem, what could be the problem? A simple product made of plastic, but is on the first place in the list of weaknesses. The fact is that the quality of the material for the tank leaves much to be desired. In occasion of a cracked tank many pages of forums are written. It just does not stand the working pressure of the system. Of the most popular solutions to this problem, there are two.

The easiest option is to reduceoperating pressure. Yes, the engine will pick up the operating temperature slower than planned by the designers. As practice shows, the delay of a few minutes is not critical, and the whole expansion tank is a reward for such a decision. At the same time, there are no material costs - a sting is punctured by a cork or does not twist to the end.

In the second variant, the native expansion tankchange. The most popular replacement is for analogues from the European concern VW. The shape and dimensions for the Russian Kulibins do not matter. The main thing is to be strong and not crack. Material investments when replacing with materials are approximately 500-700 rubles.

Partial solution of the problem is achieved by replacing only the cork of the tank, designed for a lower pressure. This option is the average cost, but the most difficult to find options.

Since 2013, the car manufacturer has also solved the problem by starting the production of expansion tanks from a more reliable and high-quality material.

Water pump from the "Niva Chevrolet"

What could be easier: a pump and a cooling system. "Chevrolet Niva" guarantees competent work with high-quality components. But here is just the water pump here and is a weak link. There are cases when this part turns into a consumable and changes as often as filters.

The reasons for the failure of the pump can be several. Most often this is a small resource and substandard assembly. The blessing now a wide choice of manufacturers, and it is possible to choose for itself the most durable detail.

Self-replacing the pump does not representspecial difficulties. But, as in any work, there are nuances. Particular attention should be given to the necessary clearances during installation, so that the drive belt is in the same plane with all attachment points.

Malfunctions in electrical circuits

Among the main problems that can arisein the computer chain, - fans, this is trivial wiring, and also fuses. The fuses are most easily checked. Then, if it does not help, by means of a "check", a problem is found in the wires. Sometimes the fan simply jams because of insufficient lubrication. It is checked mechanically by a muffled car. If the impeller turns the hand tight - this is the reason.

Is the cooling system in trouble? "Niva Chevrolet" can get unstuck in the anifrise system because of the old firmware of the control unit. It is important that the fans turn on at the right moment and turn off also in a timely manner. Different firmware programmed a different value of the control temperature parameters. If necessary, in case of problems with the fan, the on-off relay is checked.

Thermostat and possible problems

The stable operation of the thermostat istimely opening of the channel, through which the cooling liquid is sent to the radiator. If this does not happen for some reason - the antifreeze circulates only over a small circle and quickly heats the engine to critical temperatures. Also the thermostat will not work. How can "Niva Chevrolet" behave like this? Air cooling system is not needed at all, because it forms a cork. The thermosensitive element is responsible for the efficient operation of the thermostat. If he stops coping with his function - the thermostat should be replaced.

A new thermostat before installation is recommendedcheck up on operability. This is done by heating the water in the tank with the thermostat lowered. When the opening temperature is reached, make sure that it works, and then, after cooling down, it closes.

Radiator "Niva Chevrolet"

A native radiator on the car is enoughreliable node. For the prevention of it is recommended to clean and wash outside. The aluminum grille should not be clogged, as this significantly reduces the heat dissipation properties. Also, you should regularly inspect it for mechanical damage and leaks. When the car is used for a long time, it makes sense to clean the radiator channels internally. For this, there are special additives and ready-made solutions.

If there is a need to replace - it makes sense to think over the copper option. The heat dissipation properties of copper are better than aluminum, and the device as a whole will be much more effective to cool the antifreeze.

As for the quality of antifreeze, it is not necessaryforget to check its density with a hydrometer. This is especially true in the winter operation of the car. The refrigeration system can be completely denied. "Niva Chevrolet" and possible malfunctions of its radiator should not spoil the mood. It is best to always have a concentrate in stock. Then in case of insufficient density of the cooling liquid, it will be possible to correct everything.

Why is the generator belt important?

Generator belt via crankshaft pulleydrives the pump. If it breaks, then, besides the fact that the generator stops charging the battery and feeding all the electrical stuffing of the car, the pump also ceases to function. Thus the engine has high chances to overheat, after all the circulation of antifreeze thus stops.

From how the generator belt will be pulled,the whole cooling system depends. "Niva Chevrolet" with a weak tension will work in the water pump unit only in part of the power, due to the slippage of the pump. All this leads to an additional heating of the engine. Timely inspection and belt tightening will protect both you and your car.

Coolant pipes

How the car can be affected by hosescooling systems? "Chevrolet Niva" does not differ in this from other cars. Nipples require simple attention and timely tightening with yokes at all fastening points. A weak point is the connection of the outlet pipe to the radiator. With excess pressure, any defective fastening can cause leakage, which is unacceptable. Do not forget about the nozzles in the heating system. They are less frequent than under the bonuses, but they can also leak. Like any rubber product, over time, hoses simply age and require timely replacement.

Conclusion

Summarizing, it is worth noting that in the cara competent cooling system was designed. "Niva Chevrolet" 2123 with proper care remains working for a long time. It is enough to inspect and top up the coolant if necessary.

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